{"id":891,"date":"2008-08-23T00:00:03","date_gmt":"2008-08-23T00:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/?p=891"},"modified":"2011-04-30T22:08:10","modified_gmt":"2011-04-30T22:08:10","slug":"jon-elster-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/?p=891","title":{"rendered":"Jon Elster"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p>Cravings can [\u2026] be induced by what we may call the <em>secondary rewards from addiction<\/em>.  To explain this idea, let me recall my own experience as a former heavy smoker who quit almost 30 years ago when my consumption reached 40 cigarettes a day.  Even today I vividly remember what it was like to organize my whole life around smoking.  When things went well, I reached for a cigarette.  When things went badly, I did the same.  I smoked before breakfast, after a meal, when I had a drink, before doing something difficult, and after doing something difficult.  I always had an excuse for smoking.  Smoking became a ritual that served to highlight salient aspects of experience and to impose structure on what would otherwise have been a confusing morass of events.  Smoking provided the commas, semicolons, question marks, exclamation marks, and full stops of experience.  It helped me to achieve a feeling of mastery, a feeling that I was in charge of events rather than submitting to them.  This craving for cigarettes amounts to a desire for order and control, not for nicotine.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Jon Elster, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/0262550369?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=famouspeoplewith&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;camp=1789&amp;creativeASIN=0262550369\">Strong Feelings: Emotion, Addiction, and Human Behavior<\/a><\/em>, Boston, 1999, p. 64<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cravings can [\u2026] be induced by what we may call the secondary rewards from addiction. To explain this idea, let me recall my own experience as a former heavy smoker who quit almost 30 years ago when my consumption reached 40 cigarettes a day. Even today I vividly remember what it was like to organize [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[147],"tags":[1193,1195,1194],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/891"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=891"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/891\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1733,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/891\/revisions\/1733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=891"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=891"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stafforini.com\/quotes\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}